Taqui — BESS Emission Reduction Dashboard— 20 MW / 80 MWh / 4h / LFP
MADD Methodology §5.4 Ex-Ante Quantification | CEN 2024 + 2025
Analysis Year
Emission Factor 2024
0.3317
tCO₂ / MWh
RED 9,225 tCO₂ / 27,816 MWh discharged
Annual Summary — 2024
RED (tCO₂)
9,225
Net Emission Reduction
TGHGd (tCO₂)
9,493
Displaced by BESS
TGHGc (tCO₂)
268
Induced by Charging
OSE (tCO₂)
16.2M
System Emissions
BESS (MWh)
19/20
Discharge / Charge per hour
Annual Emission Reduction Waterfall — 2024
tCO₂ — Full Year 2024
Average Marginal Emission Factor
tCO₂/MWh by Month — EFd (discharge) vs EFc (charge)
Monthly RED Decomposition
TGHGd − TGHGc = RED
Monthly Curtailment
MWh
Spot Price Distribution (hourly)
Box = IQR of hourly system averages; diamond = monthly median
Monthly Drill-Down
January 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
January 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
January 2024 — RED = 574 tCO₂
TGHGd=574 − TGHGc=0
January — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
January — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
January — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
January — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
January — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
January — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
February 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
February 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
February 2024 — RED = 764 tCO₂
TGHGd=764 − TGHGc=0
February — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
February — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
February — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
February — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
February — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
February — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 14 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.000 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
March 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
March 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
March 2024 — RED = 880 tCO₂
TGHGd=895 − TGHGc=14
March — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
March — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
March — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
March — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
March — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
March — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 5 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.007 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
April 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
April 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
April 2024 — RED = 684 tCO₂
TGHGd=689 − TGHGc=5
April — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
April — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
April — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
April — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
April — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
April — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 17 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.007 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
May 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
May 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
May 2024 — RED = 1,000 tCO₂
TGHGd=1,017 − TGHGc=17
May — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
May — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
May — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
May — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
May — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
May — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 231 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.149 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
June 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
June 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
June 2024 — RED = 841 tCO₂
TGHGd=1,073 − TGHGc=231
June — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
June — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
June — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
June — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
June — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
June — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
July 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
July 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
July 2024 — RED = 1,651 tCO₂
TGHGd=1,651 − TGHGc=0
July — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
July — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
July — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
July — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
July — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
July — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
August 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
August 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
August 2024 — RED = 1,363 tCO₂
TGHGd=1,363 − TGHGc=0
August — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
August — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
August — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
August — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
August — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
August — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
September 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
September 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
September 2024 — RED = 310 tCO₂
TGHGd=310 − TGHGc=0
September — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
September — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
September — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
September — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
September — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
September — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
October 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
October 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
October 2024 — RED = 322 tCO₂
TGHGd=322 − TGHGc=0
October — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
October — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
October — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
October — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
October — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
October — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
November 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
November 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
November 2024 — RED = 252 tCO₂
TGHGd=252 − TGHGc=0
November — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
November — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
November — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
November — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
November — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
November — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
December 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
December 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
December 2024 — RED = 583 tCO₂
TGHGd=583 − TGHGc=0
December — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
December — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
December — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
December — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
December — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
December — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
Emission Factor 2025
0.4494
tCO₂ / MWh
RED 12,468 tCO₂ / 27,740 MWh discharged
Annual Summary — 2025
RED (tCO₂)
12,468
Net Emission Reduction
TGHGd (tCO₂)
12,544
Displaced by BESS
TGHGc (tCO₂)
76
Induced by Charging
OSE (tCO₂)
18.8M
System Emissions
BESS (MWh)
19/20
Discharge / Charge per hour
Annual Emission Reduction Waterfall — 2025
tCO₂ — Full Year 2025
Average Marginal Emission Factor
tCO₂/MWh by Month — EFd (discharge) vs EFc (charge)
Monthly RED Decomposition
TGHGd − TGHGc = RED
Monthly Curtailment
MWh
Spot Price Distribution (hourly)
Box = IQR of hourly system averages; diamond = monthly median
Monthly Drill-Down
January 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
January 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
January 2025 — RED = 1,516 tCO₂
TGHGd=1,516 − TGHGc=0
January — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
January — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
January — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
January — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
January — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
January — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
February 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
February 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
February 2025 — RED = 922 tCO₂
TGHGd=922 − TGHGc=0
February — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
February — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
February — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
February — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
February — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
February — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
March 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
March 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
March 2025 — RED = 1,283 tCO₂
TGHGd=1,283 − TGHGc=0
March — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
March — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
March — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
March — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
March — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
March — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 46 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.023 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
April 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
April 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
April 2025 — RED = 1,506 tCO₂
TGHGd=1,552 − TGHGc=46
April — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
April — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
April — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
April — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
April — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
April — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 20 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.027 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
May 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
May 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
May 2025 — RED = 1,465 tCO₂
TGHGd=1,485 − TGHGc=20
May — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
May — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
May — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
May — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
May — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
May — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 10 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.020 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
June 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
June 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
June 2025 — RED = 1,259 tCO₂
TGHGd=1,269 − TGHGc=10
June — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
June — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
June — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
June — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
June — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
June — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
July 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
July 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
July 2025 — RED = 759 tCO₂
TGHGd=759 − TGHGc=0
July — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
July — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
July — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
July — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
July — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
July — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
August 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
August 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
August 2025 — RED = 494 tCO₂
TGHGd=494 − TGHGc=0
August — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
August — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
August — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
August — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
August — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
August — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
September 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
September 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
September 2025 — RED = 284 tCO₂
TGHGd=284 − TGHGc=0
September — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
September — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
September — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
September — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
September — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
September — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
October 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
October 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
October 2025 — RED = 1,001 tCO₂
TGHGd=1,001 − TGHGc=0
October — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
October — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
October — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
October — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
October — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
October — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
November 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
November 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
November 2025 — RED = 1,198 tCO₂
TGHGd=1,198 − TGHGc=0
November — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
November — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
November — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
November — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
November — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
November — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
December 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
December 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
December 2025 — RED = 782 tCO₂
TGHGd=782 − TGHGc=0
December — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
December — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
December — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
December — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
December — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
December — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
Year-over-Year Comparison
Monthly RED — 2024 vs 2025
Net emission reductions by month
What changed: RED(2025) − RED(2024)
Bars = Δ components; line = net Δ RED. Hover for EFd / EFc.
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