DAS Diego de Almagro Sur — BESS Emission Reduction Dashboard— 228 MW / 912 MWh / 4h / LFP
MADD Methodology §5.4 Ex-Ante Quantification | CEN 2024 + 2025
Analysis Year
Emission Factor 2024
0.3790
tCO₂ / MWh
RED 117,070 tCO₂ / 308,904 MWh discharged
Annual Summary — 2024
RED (tCO₂)
117,070
Net Emission Reduction
TGHGd (tCO₂)
133,755
Displaced by BESS
TGHGc (tCO₂)
16,685
Induced by Charging
OSE (tCO₂)
16.2M
System Emissions
BESS (MWh)
211/228
Discharge / Charge per hour
Annual Emission Reduction Waterfall — 2024
tCO₂ — Full Year 2024
Average Marginal Emission Factor
tCO₂/MWh by Month — EFd (discharge) vs EFc (charge)
Monthly RED Decomposition
TGHGd − TGHGc = RED
Monthly Curtailment
MWh
Spot Price Distribution (hourly)
Box = IQR of hourly system averages; diamond = monthly median
Monthly Drill-Down
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 72 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.014 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
January 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
January 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
January 2024 — RED = 9,760 tCO₂
TGHGd=9,832 − TGHGc=72
January — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
January — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
January — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
January — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
January — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
January — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 429 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.035 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
February 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
February 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
February 2024 — RED = 10,397 tCO₂
TGHGd=10,826 − TGHGc=429
February — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
February — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
February — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
February — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
February — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
February — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 206 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.031 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
March 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
March 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
March 2024 — RED = 12,269 tCO₂
TGHGd=12,475 − TGHGc=206
March — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
March — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
March — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
March — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
March — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
March — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 1,810 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.102 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
April 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
April 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
April 2024 — RED = 9,585 tCO₂
TGHGd=11,395 − TGHGc=1,810
April — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
April — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
April — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
April — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
April — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
April — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 5,124 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.304 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
May 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
May 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
May 2024 — RED = 8,001 tCO₂
TGHGd=13,125 − TGHGc=5,124
May — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
May — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
May — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
May — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
May — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
May — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 6,937 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.305 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
June 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
June 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
June 2024 — RED = 5,608 tCO₂
TGHGd=12,545 − TGHGc=6,937
June — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
June — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
June — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
June — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
June — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
June — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 1,828 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.148 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
July 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
July 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
July 2024 — RED = 12,734 tCO₂
TGHGd=14,562 − TGHGc=1,828
July — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
July — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
July — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
July — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
July — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
July — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 277 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.024 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
August 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
August 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
August 2024 — RED = 12,164 tCO₂
TGHGd=12,441 − TGHGc=277
August — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
August — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
August — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
August — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
August — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
August — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
September 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
September 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
September 2024 — RED = 8,912 tCO₂
TGHGd=8,912 − TGHGc=0
September — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
September — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
September — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
September — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
September — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
September — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
October 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
October 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
October 2024 — RED = 10,415 tCO₂
TGHGd=10,415 − TGHGc=0
October — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
October — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
October — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
October — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
October — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
October — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
November 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
November 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
November 2024 — RED = 8,176 tCO₂
TGHGd=8,176 − TGHGc=0
November — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
November — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
November — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
November — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
November — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
November — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
December 2024 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
December 2024 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
December 2024 — RED = 9,050 tCO₂
TGHGd=9,050 − TGHGc=0
December — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
December — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
December — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
December — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
December — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
December — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
Emission Factor 2025
0.4495
tCO₂ / MWh
RED 138,487 tCO₂ / 308,060 MWh discharged
Annual Summary — 2025
RED (tCO₂)
138,487
Net Emission Reduction
TGHGd (tCO₂)
146,127
Displaced by BESS
TGHGc (tCO₂)
7,641
Induced by Charging
OSE (tCO₂)
18.8M
System Emissions
BESS (MWh)
211/228
Discharge / Charge per hour
Annual Emission Reduction Waterfall — 2025
tCO₂ — Full Year 2025
Average Marginal Emission Factor
tCO₂/MWh by Month — EFd (discharge) vs EFc (charge)
Monthly RED Decomposition
TGHGd − TGHGc = RED
Monthly Curtailment
MWh
Spot Price Distribution (hourly)
Box = IQR of hourly system averages; diamond = monthly median
Monthly Drill-Down
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 66 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.013 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
January 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
January 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
January 2025 — RED = 12,116 tCO₂
TGHGd=12,182 − TGHGc=66
January — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
January — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
January — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
January — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
January — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
January — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 747 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.067 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
February 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
February 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
February 2025 — RED = 10,047 tCO₂
TGHGd=10,794 − TGHGc=747
February — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
February — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
February — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
February — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
February — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
February — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 238 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.013 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
March 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
March 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
March 2025 — RED = 14,389 tCO₂
TGHGd=14,627 − TGHGc=238
March — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
March — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
March — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
March — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
March — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
March — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 2,089 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.171 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
April 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
April 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
April 2025 — RED = 13,721 tCO₂
TGHGd=15,810 − TGHGc=2,089
April — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
April — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
April — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
April — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
April — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
April — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 3,036 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.365 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
May 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
May 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
May 2025 — RED = 11,668 tCO₂
TGHGd=14,704 − TGHGc=3,036
May — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
May — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
May — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
May — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
May — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
May — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 640 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.074 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
June 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
June 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
June 2025 — RED = 11,681 tCO₂
TGHGd=12,321 − TGHGc=640
June — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
June — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
June — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
June — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
June — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
June — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 571 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.090 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
July 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
July 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
July 2025 — RED = 12,371 tCO₂
TGHGd=12,941 − TGHGc=571
July — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
July — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
July — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
July — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
July — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
July — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 99 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.003 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
August 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
August 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
August 2025 — RED = 11,073 tCO₂
TGHGd=11,172 − TGHGc=99
August — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
August — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
August — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
August — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
August — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
August — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 61 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.006 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
September 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
September 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
September 2025 — RED = 9,185 tCO₂
TGHGd=9,245 − TGHGc=61
September — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
September — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
September — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
September — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
September — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
September — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 80 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.007 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
October 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
October 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
October 2025 — RED = 11,023 tCO₂
TGHGd=11,103 − TGHGc=80
October — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
October — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
October — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
October — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
October — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
October — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
November 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
November 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
November 2025 — RED = 10,595 tCO₂
TGHGd=10,595 − TGHGc=0
November — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
November — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
November — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
November — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
November — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
November — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
About TGHGc (charging emissions): TGHGc = 15 tCO₂ means the system's marginal generator during charging hours (10–13 CLT) was thermal some of the time. This is the expected conservative behavior of MADD — BESS charging raises demand, and if the marginal unit is CC/coal/gas, those emissions are induced. Average marginal EF during charge: 0.000 tCO₂/MWh. A higher value here pulls net RED down.
December 2025 — Hourly Displacement Detail (discharge)
Rows = discharge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ displaced; hover shows per-tech MWh → tCO₂ breakdown
December 2025 — Hourly Induction Detail (charge)
Rows = charge hours (CLT); cells coloured by tCO₂ induced; white ≈ BESS charged from curtailed renewables (EF=0); orange ≈ thermal marginal
December 2025 — RED = 10,619 tCO₂
TGHGd=10,633 − TGHGc=15
December — Effective Discharge by Technology
% of MWh actually displaced by the BESS (sums to Bd)
December — Effective Charge by Technology
% of MWh supplied to BESS charging (sums to Bc)
December — Top 15 Displaced Units
by tCO₂ displaced by Bd (effective DORd only)
December — Top 15 Charging Units
by MWh absorbed by Bc (effective DORc only); induced tCO₂ ≈ 0 when filled with curtailed renewables
December — Most Frequent Marginal Units
Discharge — sets the marginal EF
December — Charging Marginal EF by Hour
each dot = one charging hour, colored by marginal tech
Year-over-Year Comparison
Monthly RED — 2024 vs 2025
Net emission reductions by month
What changed: RED(2025) − RED(2024)
Bars = Δ components; line = net Δ RED. Hover for EFd / EFc.
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